Insights
Coprophagy, or stool eating, is a common canine behavior that can be puzzling for owners and clinically relevant for veterinary teams. It may occur in puppies,…
Routine veterinary care supports canine health, yet procedures can temporarily alter the intestinal microbiome. Anesthesia, fasting, medication exposure,…
Stress can alter feline gastrointestinal function within a short period. Moving home, boarding, hospitalization, changes in household routine, conflict with…
Nutrition influences a dog’s health through more than calories, protein, and energy density. Food components interact with host genes, immune pathways,…
Feline hyperthyroidism is one of the most common endocrine disorders in older cats. Its effects extend beyond increased thyroid hormone production, influencing…
Urinary stones in dogs arise from a changing interaction between genetics, diet, hydration, urinary chemistry, infection, and anatomy. The gut microbiome is…
A dog’s mouth is a dynamic microbial ecosystem, not simply the entry point for food. Hundreds of bacterial species interact with saliva, tooth surfaces,…
The canine gastrointestinal tract is home to a highly complex microbial ecosystem. Its organisms ferment dietary substrates, transform bile acids, produce…
Canine parvovirus infection is a severe gastrointestinal disease that can rapidly disrupt hydration, nutrient absorption, immune defenses, and the intestinal…
Interest in grain-free pet food has grown alongside broader attention to food sensitivities, ingredient transparency, and feline nutrition. For veterinary…