Insights
Feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) is a common cause of lower urinary tract signs in cats, including dysuria, pollakiuria, hematuria, periuria, and discomfort.…
A kennel is more than a physical space. Its noise, routines, social opportunities, exercise schedule, resting areas, and cleaning practices can influence…
The feline gut microbiome is a dynamic ecosystem influenced by diet, body condition, medications, age, activity, and underlying disease. In obese cats,…
Working dogs move through changing environments, routines, diets, and workloads. These exposures can influence the intestinal microbiome, the community of…
Halitosis in dogs is often treated as a cosmetic concern, yet persistent bad breath may reflect plaque accumulation, periodontal inflammation, oral infection,…
Feline chronic enteropathy is a persistent clinical problem involving gastrointestinal signs, altered mucosal function, and complex interactions between diet,…
Changing a cat’s diet from dry kibble to wet food can influence more than food texture and water intake. The dietary shift changes moisture content, nutrient…
Osteoarthritis in dogs is often viewed through the lens of cartilage wear, pain, and reduced mobility. Yet the condition also involves low-grade inflammation…
The first weeks of life are a formative period for the canine gut microbiome. Puppies acquire microorganisms from the dam, the birth environment, milk,…
Chronic enteropathy in dogs can follow an unpredictable course. Clinical signs may improve with dietary management, medication, or a combination of…